Internal-combustion engine.



0. L. NJEISLEE.

. INTERNAL COMBUSTION mm.

APPLICATION FILED MAB. 'i,.1913.

0. L. NEIsLEe. INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE. v I APPLICATION FILEDMAKE-1913. 1 10,336, Patented Sept. 15, 1914.

- 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

\\ mmll P v Unitarian snares rnrnrrr onnron DSCAR 11. NEISLEB, 0.?CHICAGD, ILLINOIS.

. rntrnnnar-corrsnsrron ENGINE.

Specification of Letters Patent Patented Sept. 15, 1914.

Application filed March 7,1313. Serial 1%. 752,566.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that 1, Oscar: L, Nnrsnnn,citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cookand State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvementsin Internal-Combustion Engines; and I do hereby declare the'following tobe a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as willenable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and usethe same.

My 'inventlon relates to internal combustion or explosion engines andmore particularly to two-cycle engine's. Its prime objects are toprovide a simple and posltive mocha-s nism for drawing the charge intoacompression chamber, for compressing this charge and for delivering itto the ignition or power cylinder under pressure. j A further object isto time the admission of the charge to the cylinder and the emission ofthe exhaust from the same in proper I accomplish these objects by theconstrue-- tion shown in the accompanylng drawings,

in which-- Figure -l* is a central vertical section through a:two-cylinder'engine. embodying my invention. Fig, 2 is-a verticalsection through Fig. --l. along the line 2-2. Fig. -3 is a horizontalsection through- Fig. -lalone; the line 33. Fig Fig-r. -1- along theline In the dra 'ings, the cylindrical casing 1 haslin its upper portionan inner cylinder 2 connected to the casing 1 by upper and lower annularportions and whereby a waterj arlret chamber provi led around thecylinder 9. This chamber is also preferably connected by openings 32 toa chamberil for water jacketin cgthe upper end of the cylinder; lSelowhe lower end l o the water jacket or cooling chamber the easing 1isborcd to fit an enlarged annular i is horizontal section throughpiston 6 terminating in a hollow cylindrical extension portion 7 whichfits the main cylinderi? of the engine and which constitutes thecylinder within which the power piston 8 of the engine is actuated. Thepiston Sis connected to a crank sha'ft 9 by a pitman' 1G havingengagement with a pin 11 mounted within the power piston S. Thecrankshaft 9 is journaled in bearings 12- upon the casing -1 of theengine and has eccentrics 13 upon its shaft on opposite sides of thecrank-l4, which eccentrics are 'connected to opposite sides of theannular piston 6 by rods 15. Theeccentrics 13 are preferably positionedupon the shaft at about one hundred eighty degrees fromthe crank 14:,but this relation may be varied as desired.

The head 16 of the inner cylinder 2 has a reentrant formation 17projecting into the upper end of the cylinder 2, thereby forming anannular passage 18 into which the upper end of the cylindrical.extension portion 7 may move considerably beyond the lower end 19 of there'e'ntrant head formation. Exhaust ports 20 in the wall of the cylinder2 adjacent to'this head 19 communicate with exhaust passagesQl, theseports 20 being adapted to register with discharge ports 22 inthe portion7 when the latter is at the uppermost position of its travel. Adjacentto its juncture with the annular piston 6, the portion 7 is reduced indiameter, thereby providing an annular space or groove 23 between thelower portion of theportion 7 and the cylinder 2 when the-former is ator near its uppermost position. Jjlnlet ports 24. in the portion 7connect the interior of the same with the upper end of the annular space23 thus formed between the opposed peripheral walls of the cylinder andthe valve portion 7 adjacent to the juncture of the differentlydie-metered parts of the cylinder;

These ports 24L are normally covered by the outer surface of the powerpiston 8, but areuncovered for a-brlef interval of time whilethe piston8 is passing the lowest point of its travel. V

W'hen the portion 7 is in its uppermost position, the upper end of itspistonportion 6 does not abut against the lower end a of thewater-jacket chamber 5, but still leaves an annular chamber 26bctwcenthe two,- of whichchamber the annular space23 forms art.constituting a connecting-duct to the ports 2 The chamber 9621stbusformed between the opposed shoulders of the parts i of larger diameterof the cylinder and the reciprocating hollow member is increased in sizeas the piston 6 descends,.and is adapted to receive the gaseous chargefor the en- 7 gine through an intake port 27 which is uncovered by tliepiston 6 when the latter is at the lower limit of its travel.Packing'rings 28, provide tight joints between the several interfitting.and relatively reciprocating arts. A spark plug 29 is located in. the

ead 19;;for igniting the charge after thishas been admitted to thecombustion chamher gformed coactively by the piston, the ,cylinder, headand the sliding member 7. .lllit'h multi-cylinder engines, theabove-described :elements are found in each ofthe cylinders connected tothe same shaft.

V Inoperation, the mixture ofga s and air in the combustion chamber 30of the cylinn'der is ignited by the spark plug 29 when 1 the piston 8 isat or near the uppermost or most outward point of its travel (as shown]in the right hand portion of Fig. 1)- at which time the extensionportion 7 ofthe piston 6 closes the exhaust ports 20. At the same timethe piston 6 has passed and uncovered the intake port 27, through whicha mixture ofgas and air freely enters the initial charge compressingspaces 26 and 23.

When the charge is ignited in the cylinder,

the "piston 8 is moved inwardly thereby causing the pitman 10 to rotatethe shaft 9, which in turn moves the eccentrics '13 and through the rods15 propels the piston 6 and its extension portion or valve-sleeve 7 'inan upward direction. As soon as the upper end ofth'e piston 6 passes thetop of the intake of the said piston 6 compresses the gaseous thesepiston-controlled inlet ports. into the interior of the cylinder. By thetime this 5a ward so that the discharge ports 22 register occurs", thevalve member -7-has moved upwith the exhaust ports 20, allowing thegaseous products left in the cylinder from the previous explosion topass out into the exhaust passage 21'. Then when the crank let haspassed its lowermost positlon, the momentum of the moving parts of theengine will continue to rotate the shaft; thereby moving the piston 6and itssleeve 7 down;

ward, while the piston 8 moved upward and'c'loses the inlet ports 24. Atthe same time, -the downward 'motionof the valve 7 sleeve 7 will carrythe discharge ports 22 out of registry with the exhaust ports 20,thereby leaving the fresh charge entrapped in the interior 30 of thecylinder when it will be compressed as the piston 8'moves upward.

Meanwhile, the closing of the inlet ports 24 by the power-piston 8 willdisconnect the chamber 26 and its extension 23 from the combustionchai'nberBO of the cylinder, lea-v.- ing this compressing space filledwith a small amount of the inltial charge; 'Then as the annularcompression piston 6 descends, this space is greatly increased in size,thereby attenuating the gaseous mixture in the same. Consequently, whenthe movin parts'reach the positions at which theintake port 27 is againopened, there will be a partial vacuum in the spaces 26 an'd23 and thispartial vacuum will cause a fresh charge to be instantly sucked inthroughfthe intake port;

. Thus, I the engine of my invention will draw the charge rapidly intoits initial compression. chamber, compress the charge therein, deliverthe charge under pressure into the'power cylinder (thereby enabling iteffectively to displace the residual burnt gases in this cylinder) andthen compress the charge in the cylinder and ignite the same while underpressure.

While I have shown and described my invention as embodied in atwo-cylinder engine, I do not Wish to be-limited to the twin form, norto the precise details as set forth in this embodiment, it being obviousthat numerous-changes may be made in the same without departing from thespirit 'of my invention.

I claimas my invention:

1. An internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder of difl'erentdiameters at respectively opposite ends, a head for the smaller end ofsaid cylinder, the larger end thereof being open, a tubular memberfitting the smaller end of said cylinder and having an annular pistonflange fitting the larger end thereof, exhaust ports in the wall of thesmaller end of the cylinder adapted to re ister with exhaust openings insaid tubular member as the latter reaches the limit of its stroke intosaid smaller end of said cylinder, said piston flange coacting with theshoulder at the inner end of the larger end portion of the cylinder toprovide a charge compression chamber, inlet ports in said tubular memberadapted to pass said shoulder as said member reciprocates, a trunkpiston for said tubular member controlling said' inlet ports and adaptedto open the same to admit a charge from said compression chamher whilesaid exhaust openings register with the exhaust ports and as said trunkpiston attains the outer limit of its movement, there being a passage inthe inner wall of the'smaller end of said cylinder extending from saidshoulder to the point to which the inlet ports travel formaintaininglatter communication with saideom pr'ession chamber.

- of such cylinder,

2., In an internal combustion 'engine', a eyl inderhav ng its respectiveends 0f;'difl'erent diameters and affording an annular. abutmnt betweenthe parts'of difierent diameter; a thbu'lar member fitting tbe srnalle'rend of said cylinden and having an annular pis ton. flange fitting thelarger end and coacting with said abutment to"p1 'ovide'a charge ,compiessing chamber, a trunk pistonwithin said l'member, a crank shafthaving'two diametrically opposed cranks and con:

aected with said member and said trunk pis-' ton respectively forsimultaneously rec'ip'-- rocatin'g the latter in respectively oppositedirections, a

20 smaller. end of the latter' and'in the said head for the smaller endthere being exhaust openings the circumferential wall of the saidtubular member attains the inner' limit et ogenings" of its "movement,there being it reaches the outer lii'nit ofits movement andwhile saidexhaust ports are open, there from the compressing chamberto point of yg OSCARL. NEISLERL- Witnesses:

M: M.. Borne,

- E. MAcDownnn,

-tnhuian ,I'nenibei" arranged to as"- in-said tubulat member-controlledy sa d a trunk pistonand uncovered by the latter as 25' 4 being apassage-for the "compressed charge yloeation of said inlet portsre'latively tothe' 30

